ENDOTHELIN-1 AS A PROGNOSTIC MARKER FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIALLY SIGNIFICANT DISEASES IN PEDIATRICS (LITERATURE REVIEW)

The article is devoted to an urgent issue of modern pediatrics related to the search for specific prognostic and diagnostic markers of socially significant diseases in children and adolescents. The endothelium is considered an active system functioning as a receptor-effector organ that responds to exogenous and endogenous stimuli by releasing various molecules aimed at restoring vascular and tissue homeostasis. On the one hand, the endothelium is involved in almost all processes defined as homeostasis, haemostasis and inflammation; on the other hand, it is the first link in the pathogenesis of various diseases in adults, children and adolescents. To date, endothelial dysfunction is understood as a condition characterised by an imbalance of mediators that ensure the optimal course of endothelium-dependent processes. Due to the proven role of endothelial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of diseases of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, as well as metabolic disorders, endothelin-1 may be considered a prognostic and diagnostic marker. The purpose of the study was to analyse and summarise literature data from the WoS, Scopus and RSCI databases. Based on clinical and experimental data, it was concluded that the use of endothelial dysfunction markers, including the level of endothelin-1 in blood serum, can be used to assess the severity of socially significant diseases when they manifest in childhood and adolescence.