MODERN CONCEPTS OF DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF ACUTE HEMATOGENOUS OSTEOMYELITIS IN CHILDREN (LITERATURE REVIEW)

The article is devoted to modern concepts of diagnosis and treatment of acute hematogenous osteomyelitis in children. Purulent-septic diseases in children still remain an urgent healthcare problem, and deep bone tissue involvement is of particular interest for pediatric surgeons, orthopedic traumatologists and intensive care specialists due to the frequent development of complications and chronisation of the process. The paper analyses and systematises the results of scientific studies published in PubMed, ScienceDirect, Cochrane, Google Scholar and eLibrary databases concerning the diagnosis and treatment of acute hematogenous osteomyelitis in children. It is noted that, despite the widespread introduction of modern diagnostic methods, the issue of clear indications for various examination methods, as well as the timing and sequence of diagnostic procedures, still remains debatable. The main direction of treatment is considered to be the use of antimicrobial drugs together with the development of measures to curb the growth of antibiotic resistance. It is emphasised that the choice of surgical tactics, the determination of indications for surgical intervention and the timing of its performance also remain ambiguous. It is concluded that improvement of diagnostic approaches and patient management tactics in acute hematogenous osteomyelitis contributes to better early and long-term treatment outcomes, improvement in children’s quality of life and reduction of disability risk. Further in-depth research in this area is regarded as an актуal and highly demanded task aimed at ensuring high-quality and safe medical care for children.