ISSUES OF ORGANIZATION OF FEEDING OF NEWBORNS WITH ANOMALIES OF CNS DEVELOPMENT

The article is devoted to studying the possibilities of organising feeding for newborns with anomalies of central nervous system development before and after surgery. The aim of the study was to assess approaches to nutritional support in full-term newborns with congenital hydrocephalus in the preoperative and postoperative periods. The work is based on a retrospective analysis of 25 case histories of patients who underwent surgical treatment in 2016–2020. It was established that the duration of the preoperative period in most children ranged from 6 to 15 days. All newborns received enteral nutrition throughout this period, and in some cases it was combined with parenteral nutrition. Most children were fed breast milk, although a considerable proportion required additional feeding with adapted formula. It was shown that bulbar disorders were among the main reasons for the reduction in the volume of enteral nutrition. To assess the adequacy of nutritional support, daily caloric intake was calculated taking into account both enteral and parenteral feeding. It was found that most children received the full calculated calorie intake before surgery, although in some patients the energy supply remained insufficient. The article emphasises that brain damage in newborns requires an individualised approach to the organisation of feeding. It is concluded that enteral nutrition using breast milk in children with congenital malformations of the ventricular system of the central nervous system in the preoperative and postoperative periods contributes to improved survival, while the provision of enteral nutrition in the required volumes ensures the child’s energy and protein needs.