Morphological picture of bone tissue of firearms fractures during transosseous compression-distraction osteosynthesis according to G.A. Ilizarov in low mountain conditions

In an experiment in low-altitude conditions, the features of changes in the structure of bone tissue in the area of a gunshot fracture of the diaphysis of the tibia were studied. Experimental studies were conducted in 2015, on adult mongrel dogs, for which, in low-altitude conditions (Bishkek city, 780 meters above sea level), a model of a gunshot fracture of the tibia was reproduced with the application of an Ilizarov apparatus. Morphological examination was carried out over a period of 2 months using standard histological methods. In bone tissue, the number of vessels, osteons, bone cells, and the area of osteon channels were determined. All stages of preparation processing were carried out in accordance with the principles of quantitative methods for studying histological objects. In the experiment, complete consolidation of the fracture was obtained. The method of stable, non-focal compression-distraction osteosynthesis provides optimal conditions for regeneration and restoration of the damaged limb. It was revealed that when using the compression- distraction method according to G.A. Ilizarov, a pronounced angiogenic effect and an improvement in reparative processes are observed. The results obtained confirm the need to use the method of extrafocal compression-distraction osteosynthesis to accelerate the healing of gunshot fractures of long bones. Since the previous series of our work presented extensive experimental material on the peculiarities of bone tissue regeneration with stable osteosynthesis in high altitude conditions. This series of experiments was carried out to obtain basic digital data on the state of the bone and soft tissues of the limb for a comparative study of their reaction in low-altitude conditions