Vegetative stability and its influence on heart rate variability indicators in primary school-aged children

The article is devoted to the study of the state of adaptive mechanisms of regulation of the cardiovascular system in schoolchildren with different levels of vegetative stability. To identify deviations in the work of regulatory systems, an assessment of the characteristics of physical development and heart rate variability in children was carried out. The study was conducted in a group of 60 schoolchildren aged 7-11 years. To determine the level of vegetative stability, an adapted Czech personal two-factor questionnaire by M. Gavlinova "Society - vegetatics" was used. The functional state of the regulatory systems was determined by conducting functional tests of the cardiovascular system and analyzing the variability of the heart rate using the method of R. M. Baevsky. An assessment was made of the heart rate, blood pressure, weight, height, and a mathematical calculation of the stress index, Kerdo, endurance coefficient, and adaptive potential. According to the results of the study, 50% of children had pronounced vegetative instability, with girls having it 23.6% higher than boys. Physical development indicators in 70-90% of children corresponded to the age norm. However, 20% of girls with vegetative instability had a lag in physical development, while in the group of children with vegetative stability, on the contrary, there was an advancement of physical development more in boys (21%) than in girls (16.7%). According to the parameters of heart rate variability, a normotonic type of regulation of the cardiovascular system was noted in 40-43% of cases. The stress index was in the satisfactory range in 50-60% of cases. Sympathicotonia and uncompensated distress were more often registered in children with vegetative stability, mainly in girls. According to the results of functional tests, detraining of the cardiovascular system was more than 80% of cases. The adaptive capabilities of the body are reduced in children with vegetative stability, more often in girls