Preventive measures for inflammatory complications after thyroid surgery and their effectiveness

One of the most common complications after thyroid surgery is postoperative wound infection, which significantly affects the course of the recovery period. The development of such complications leads to an increase in the length of hospital stay, higher financial costs, and a slower rehabilitation process. Therefore, the prevention of wound complications remains an important task in modern thyroid surgery. The present study aimed to justify and evaluate the effectiveness of a set of preventive measures to reduce the risk of wound complications in patients undergoing thyroid surgery for nodular goiter. A total of 80 patients operated on in the surgical departments of City Clinical Hospital No. 1 in Bishkek between 2021 and 2024 were observed. The preventive complex included perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis, irrigation of the surgical wound with a 0.02% Decasan solution with pronounced antimicrobial properties, and active drainage of the thyroid bed to ensure timely removal of exudate and prevent inflammatory changes. The results showed that the incidence of wound complications was 2.5%, and the average hospital stay did not exceed 3.5 ± 0.37 bed-days. The obtained data confirm the high effectiveness of the proposed preventive complex, which can be recommended for use in all types of thyroid surgical interventions