Modern problems of tuberculosis combined with anemia (literature review)

The WHO’s tuberculosis elimination strategy aims to reduce incidence and mortality by 90% and 95% by 2035. Studies show that anemia is present in 61.53% of tuberculosis patients. In the Kyrgyz Republic, common types include iron-deficiency anemia, vitamin B12 deficiency, and anemia of chronic disease. Anemia reduces quality of life and increases morbidity and mortality. Addressing anemia through nutritional and medical interventions can enhance immune function and improve tuberculosis outcomes. This study reviewed recent literature on the relationship between TB and anemia, including how each affects the detection and progression of the other, as well as prevention and treatment strategies. A systematic search of articles from the past 5–6 years was conducted using PubMed and ScienceDirect, focusing on anemia’s prevalence among tuberculosis patients and its impact on treatment results. Understanding anemia's causes is key to creating preventive strategies through early screening. Effective prevention requires collaboration across healthcare, education, and communities. Early detection and management of anemia in tuberculosis patients are vital for improving treatment outcomes for both conditions. A comprehensive approach to diagnosis and therapy will help optimize care. Given the strong link between tuberculosis and anemia, integrated treatment strategies and further research are essential to enhance recovery and reduce complications in affected populations