Аннотация
Саркопения – это гериатрическое заболевание, характеризующееся прогрессирующей потерей массы скелетных мышц и ухудшением мышечной функции, представляет собой растущую, часто не диагностированную проблему здравоохранения. Ее распространенность среди пожилого населения в значительной степени считается вариабельной, поскольку она колеблется от 5 % до 50 % в зависимости от пола, возраста, патологических состояний, а также диагностических критериев. Диагноз саркопении подтверждается наличием низкой мышечной массы в сочетании с низкой мышечной силой или низкой физической работоспособностью. Единого подхода к лечению или оценке не существует, что еще больше затрудняет диагностику саркопении. Варианты лечения саркопении включают немедикаментозные и медикаментозные подходы. Немедикаментозные подходы включают силовые тренировки и адекватное питание. Из этих двух подходов силовые тренировки являются стандартным немедикаментозным методом лечения саркопении, подтвержденным значительными положительными результатами. Некоторые диетические подходы, такие как адекватное потребление белка, витамина D, антиоксидантов и длинноцепочечных полиненасыщенных жирных кислот, также показали положительный эффект в борьбе с саркопенией. Управление по санитарному надзору за качеством пищевых продуктов и медикаментов (FDA, США) не одобрило ни одного конкретного лекарственного препарата для лечения саркопении. Будущие исследования должны быть сосредоточены на биологическом механизме саркопении и улучшенных диагностических подходах, таких как биомаркеры для раннего выявления, разработка стабильно эффективных методов лечения и создание чувствительных показателей для прогнозирования ответа на лечение саркопении
Ключевые слова
саркопения; определение; диагностика; лечение; профилактикаЦИТИРОВАНИЕ
Использованные источники
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